Internal wave–turbulence pressure above sloping sea bottoms

Effects of optically shallow bottoms on upwelling radiances: Inhomogeneous and sloping bottoms

If the benthic boundary in optically shallow waters is spatially inhomogeneous or sloping, the underwater light field is inherently three-dimensional (3D). Numerical simulations of 3D underwater radiances were made for environmental conditions observed in shallow Bahamian waters. The simulations show that if the pattern of bottom reflectance for an inhomogeneous but level bottom has a spatial s...

Modeling CO2 concentrations above sloping terrain

Modeling atmospheric CO2 concentration profiles and fluxes above sloping terrain at a boreal site T. Aalto, J. Hatakka, U. Karstens, M. Aurela, T. Thum, and A. Lohila Climate and Global Change Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, P.O. Box 100164, 07701 Jena, Germany Received: 30 August 2005 – Accepted: 13 Sep...

Experiments on the Run-up of Solitary Waves over Sloping Bottoms

The objective of this study was to investigate experimentally solitary waves run-up on sloping beaches. Conducted in the Super wave flume(5m×5.2m×300m) and the Large wave flume(2m×2m×200m)at Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory (THL), solitary waves were generated by moving the wave board forward in the manner of ramp-trajectory and solitary-wave-trajectory separately to simulate the various of wave he...

The unknown object problem in a sea with sloping bottom

Modeling atmospheric CO2 concentration profiles and fluxes above sloping terrain at a boreal site

CO2 fluxes and concentrations were simulated in the planetary boundary layer above subarctic hilly terrain using a three dimensional model. The model solves the transport equations in the local scale and includes a vegetation sub-model. A WMO/GAW background concentration measurement site and an ecosystem flux measurement site are located inside the modeled region at a hilltop and above a mixed ...